Data types

• Date and Time

  • DATE, DATETIME and TIMESTAMP
    MySQL's DATE type is used when we do not need to store information about time, while DATETIME and TIMESTAMP types are used for values with both date and time parts.
  • MySQL | TIME
    MySQL's TIME type is used when we do not need information about the date.
  • MySQL | YEAR
    MySQL's YEAR type is used to represent a year value.

• Numeric

  • MySQL | BIT
    MySQL's BIT data type is used to store bit values.
  • MySQL | BOOLEAN
    MySQL inherently does not support native Boolean data types. However, MySQL still provides us with the datatypes: BOOLEAN and BOOL, which are just aliases for TINYINT.
  • MySQL | DECIMAL and NUMERIC
    In MySQL, DECIMAL and NUMERIC are collectively referred to as Fixed-Point types. This just means they store exact values with a specific precision, which is particularly important for information such as monetary data.
  • MySQL | FLOAT and DOUBLE
    MySQL's FLOAT and DOUBLE types are used to represent approximate numeric data values. The FLOAT type is for single-precision (4 bytes), while DOUBLE is for double-precision (8 bytes).
  • MySQL | TINYINT, SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, INT, BIGINT
    There are a total of 5 integer types offered by MySQL.

• String

  • MySQL | BINARY and VARBINARY
    The BINARY and VARBINARY types in MySQL are similar to CHAR and VARCHAR but they store binary strings rather than non-binary strings (i.e. byte strings rather than character strings).
  • MySQL | BLOB
    In order to store binary data such as images in MySQL, we can use one of the following data types: TINYBLOB, BLOB, MEDIUMBLOB, LONGBLOB.
  • MySQL | CHAR and VARCHAR
    The CHAR and VARCHAR types in MySQL are both used to store strings (i.e. text).
  • MySQL | TEXT
    In order to store text in MySQL, we can use one of the following data types: TINYTEXT, TEXT, MEDIUMTEXT, LONGTEXT.

Functions

• Aggregate

  • MySQL | AVG method
    MySQL's AVG(~) aggregate method returns the average value of the provided numeric input / column.
  • MySQL | COUNT method
    MySQL's COUNT(~) aggregate method counts the number of returned results.
  • MySQL | GROUP_CONCAT method
    MySQL's GROUP_CONCAT(~) method concatenates non-NULL values from the same group together.
  • MySQL | MAX method
    MySQL's MAX(~) aggregate method returns the maximum value from the provided input.
  • MySQL | MIN method
    MySQL's MIN(~) aggregate method returns the minimum value from the provided input.
  • MySQL | STD method
    MySQL's STD(~) aggregate method returns the population standard deviation from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | STDDEV method
    MySQL's STDDEV(~) aggregate method returns the population standard deviation from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | STDDEV_POP method
    MySQL's STDDEV_POP(~) aggregate method returns the population standard deviation from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | STDDEV_SAMP method
    MySQL's STDDEV_SAMP(~) aggregate method returns the sample standard deviation from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | SUM method
    MySQL's SUM(~) aggregate method returns the sum of the input expression.
  • MySQL | VARIANCE method
    MySQL's VARIANCE(~) aggregate method returns the population standard variance from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | VAR_POP method
    MySQL's VAR_POP(~) aggregate method returns the population standard variance from the provided numeric input.
  • MySQL | VAR_SAMP method
    MySQL's VAR_SAMP(~) aggregate method returns the sample standard variance from the provided numeric input.

• Date and Time

  • MySQL | ADDDATE method
    MySQL's ADDDATE(~) method adds the specified time interval to a date or datetime value.
  • MySQL | ADDTIME method
    MySQL's ADDTIME(~) method adds the specified time interval to a time or datetime value.
  • MySQL | CONVERT_TZ method
    MySQL's CONVERT_TZ(~) method converts a datetime value from one timezone to another.
  • MySQL | CURDATE method
    MySQL's CURDATE() method returns the current date in the session time zone.
  • MySQL | CURRENT_DATE method
    MySQL's CURRENT_DATE() method returns the current date in the session time zone.
  • MySQL | CURRENT_TIME method
    MySQL's CURRENT_TIME(~) method returns the current time in the session time zone.
  • MySQL | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP method
    MySQL's CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(~) method returns the current date and time in the configured timezone.
  • MySQL | CURTIME method
    MySQL's CURTIME(~) method returns the current time in the session time zone.
  • MySQL | DATE method
    MySQL's DATE(~) method returns the date portion of a given date or datetime expression.
  • MySQL | DATEDIFF method
    MySQL's DATEDIFF(~) method returns the days difference between two date or datetime values. (i.e. expr1 - expr2)
  • MySQL | DATE_ADD method
    MySQL's DATE_ADD(~) method adds the specified time interval to a date or datetime value.
  • MySQL | DATE_FORMAT method
    MySQL's DATE_FORMAT(~) method returns a date or datetime formatted according to the provided format.
  • MySQL | DATE_SUB method
    MySQL's DATE_SUB(~) method subtracts the specified time interval from a date or datetime value.
  • MySQL | DAY method
    MySQL's DAY(~) method returns the day portion (1-31) of a given date or datetime. DAY(~) is a synonym for DAYOFMONTH(~).
  • MySQL | DAYNAME method
    MySQL's DAYNAME(~) method returns the name of the weekday from a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | DAYOFMONTH method
    MySQL's DAYOFMONTH(~) method returns the day portion (1-31) of a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | DAYOFWEEK method
    MySQL's DAYOFWEEK(~) method returns the weekday index (1-7) of a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | DAYOFYEAR method
    MySQL's DAYOFYEAR(~) method returns the day of the year (1-366) of a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | EXTRACT method
    MySQL's EXTRACT(~) method extracts the specified portion of a date, time or datetime value.
  • MySQL | FROM_DAYS method
    MySQL's FROM_DAYS(~) method returns a date from a given number of days since the start of the standard calendar (0000-00-00).
  • MySQL | FROM_UNIXTIME method
    MySQL's FROM_UNIXTIME(~) method returns a date and time from the input unix timestamp.
  • MySQL | GET_FORMAT method
    MySQL's GET_FORMAT(~) method will return a format string based on the default formatting style for the input region.
  • MySQL | HOUR method
    MySQL's HOUR(~) method returns the hour portion of a given time or datetime.
  • MySQL | LAST_DAY method
    MySQL's LAST_DAY(~) method returns the last day of the month for the provided date / datetime.
  • MySQL | LOCALTIME method
    MySQL's LOCALTIME(~) method returns the current date and time in the configured timezone.
  • MySQL | LOCALTIMESTAMP method
    MySQL's LOCALTIMESTAMP(~) method returns the current date and time in the configured timezone.
  • MySQL | MAKEDATE method
    MySQL's MAKEDATE(~) method creates a date based on the provided year and day of year.
  • MySQL | MAKETIME method
    MySQL's MAKETIME(~) method returns a time value based on the provided hour, minute and second.
  • MySQL | MICROSECOND method
    MySQL's MICROSECOND(~) method returns the microseconds portion (0-999999) of a given expression.
  • MySQL | MINUTE method
    MySQL's MINUTE(~) method returns the minute portion of a given time or datetime.
  • MySQL | MONTH method
    MySQL's MONTH(~) method returns the month of a given date or datetime in the range 0 - 12.
  • MySQL | MONTHNAME method
    MySQL's MONTHNAME(~) method returns the name of the month from a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | NOW method
    MySQL's NOW(~) method returns the current date and time in the configured timezone.
  • MySQL | PERIOD_ADD method
    MySQL's PERIOD_ADD(~) method adds the specified number of months to a period (YYMM or YYYYMM).
  • MySQL | PERIOD_DIFF method
    MySQL's PERIOD_DIFF(~) function returns the months difference between two periods.
  • MySQL | QUARTER method
    MySQL's QUARTER(~) method returns the quarter of the year for a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | SECOND method
    MySQL's SECOND(~) method returns the seconds portion of a given time or datetime.
  • MySQL | SEC_TO_TIME method
    MySQL's SEC_TO_TIME(~) method converts the provided number of seconds to its equivalent time value.
  • MySQL | STR_TO_DATE method
    MySQL's STR_TO_DATE(~) method will return a date, time or datetime value from a string and its format.
  • MySQL | SUBDATE method
    MySQL's SUBDATE(~) method subtracts the specified interval from a date or datetime value.
  • MySQL | SUBTIME method
    MySQL's SUBTIME(~) method subtracts the specified time interval from a time or datetime value.
  • MySQL | SYSDATE method
    MySQL's SYSDATE(~) method returns the current date and time in the configured timezone.
  • MySQL | TIME method
    MySQL's TIME(~) method returns the time from a given time or datetime value.
  • MySQL | TIMEDIFF method
    MySQL's TIMEDIFF(~) method returns the time difference between two time or datetime values.
  • MySQL | TIMESTAMP method
    MySQL's TIMESTAMP(~) method returns the input as a datetime value when used with a single argument, and returns the sum of the arguments when used with two arguments.
  • MySQL | TIMESTAMPADD method
    MySQL's TIMESTAMP_ADD(~) method adds the specified unit interval to a date or datetime value.
  • MySQL | TIMESTAMPDIFF method
    MySQL's TIMESTAMPDIFF(~) method returns the time difference between two date or datetime expressions in the specified unit. (i.e. datetime_expr2 - datetime_expr1).
  • MySQL | TIME_FORMAT method
    MySQL's TIME_FORMAT(~) method will return a time formatted according to the provided format.
  • MySQL | TIME_TO_SEC method
    MySQL's TIME_SEC(~) method converts the provided time value to the equivalent number of seconds.
  • MySQL | TO_DAYS method
    MySQL's TO_DAYS(~) method returns the number of days since the start of the standard calendar (0000-00-00) from a provided date or datetime.
  • MySQL | TO_SECONDS method
    MySQL's TO_SECONDS(~) method returns the number of seconds from the start of the standard calendar (0000-00-00) from a provided date/datetime.
  • MySQL | UNIX_TIMESTAMP method
    MySQL's UNIX_TIMESTAMP(~) method returns a Unix timestamp representing seconds since '1970-01-01 00:00:00' UTC.
  • MySQL | UTC_DATE method
    MySQL's UTC_DATE() method returns the current date in UTC time zone.
  • MySQL | UTC_TIME method
    MySQL's CURTIME(~) method returns the current time in the UTC time zone.
  • MySQL | UTC_TIMESTAMP method
    MySQL's UTC_TIMESTAMP(~) method returns the current date and time in the UTC timezone.
  • MySQL | WEEK method
    MySQL's WEEK(~) method returns the week number from a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | WEEKDAY method
    MySQL's WEEKDAY(~) method returns the weekday index (0-6) of a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | WEEKOFYEAR method
    MySQL's WEEKOFYEAR(~) method returns the week number (1 - 53) from a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | YEAR method
    MySQL's YEAR(~) method returns the year for a given date or datetime.
  • MySQL | YEARWEEK method
    MySQL's YEARWEEK(~) method returns the year and week for a date or datetime.

• Numeric

  • MySQL | ABS method
    MySQL's ABS(~) method returns the absolute value of the input number.
  • MySQL | ACOS method
    MySQL's ACOS(~) method computes the arc cosine of the input value.
  • MySQL | ASIN method
    MySQL's ASIN(~) method computes the arc sine of the input value.
  • MySQL | ATAN method
    MySQL's ATAN(~) method computes the arc tangent of the input value(s).
  • MySQL | ATAN2 method
    MySQL's ATAN2(~) method computes the arc tangent of the input values.
  • MySQL | CEIL method
    MySQL's CEIL(~) method returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the provided input number.
  • MySQL | CEILING method
    MySQL's CEILING(~) method returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the provided input number.
  • MySQL | CONV method
    MySQL's CONV(~) method converts the input number from one base to another and returns it as a string.
  • MySQL | COS method
    MySQL's COS(~) method computes the cosine of the argument in radians.
  • MySQL | COT method
    MySQL's COT(~) method computes the cotangent of the input value in radians.
  • MySQL | CRC32 method
    MySQL's CRC32(~) method computes a cyclic redundancy check value and returns a 32-bit unsigned value.
  • MySQL | DEGREES method
    MySQL's DEGREES(~) method converts X radians into degrees and returns it.
  • MySQL | EXP method
    MySQL's EXP(~) method returns the value of ​e​ (base of natural logarithm) raised to the specified power.
  • MySQL | FLOOR method
    MySQL's FLOOR(~) method returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to the provided input number.
  • MySQL | LN method
    MySQL's LN(~) method returns the value of the natural (base-​e​) logarithm of the input number. If we provide an input less than or equal to 0 we will return NULL.
  • MySQL | LOG method
    MySQL's LOG(~) method returns the specified base logarithm of an input number (X). If we provide an input less than or equal to 0 we will return NULL.
  • MySQL | LOG10 method
    MySQL's LOG10(~) method returns the base-10 logarithm of the input number. If we provide an input less than or equal to 0 we will return NULL.
  • MySQL | LOG2 method
    MySQL's LOG2(~) method returns the base-2 logarithm of the input number. If we provide an input less than or equal to 0 we will return NULL.
  • MySQL | MOD method
    MySQL's MOD(~) method returns the remainder of one number (N) divided by another number (M).
  • MySQL | PI method
    MySQL's PI() method returns the value of π (pi). The default precision is 7 decimal places, however, the double-precision value is stored internally for calculations.
  • MySQL | POW method
    MySQL's POW(~) method returns the value of X raised to the power of Y.
  • MySQL | POWER method
    MySQL's POWER(~) method returns the value of X raised to the power of Y.
  • MySQL | RADIANS method
    MySQL's RADIANS(~) method converts the input degrees into radians and returns it.
  • MySQL | RAND method
    MySQL's RAND(~) method returns a random float value between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
  • MySQL | ROUND method
    MySQL's ROUND(~) method returns the input argument rounded to the specified number of decimal places.
  • MySQL | SIGN method
    MySQL's SIGN(~) method returns the sign of the argument.
  • MySQL | SIN method
    MySQL's SIN(~) method computes the sine of the input value in radians.
  • MySQL | SQRT method
    MySQL's SQRT(~) method returns the square root of a nonnegative number.
  • MySQL | TAN method
    MySQL's TAN(~) method computes the tangent of the input value in radians.
  • MySQL | TRUNCATE method
    MySQL's TRUNCATE(~) method returns the input number truncated to D decimal places.

• Regular Expression

  • MySQL | REGEXP_INSTR method
    MySQL's REGEXP_INSTR(~) method returns the starting index of the substring matching the regular expression (pat).
  • MySQL | REGEXP_LIKE method
    MySQL's REGEXP_LIKE(~) method returns 1 if the input string matches the regular expression pattern. If there is no match 0 is returned.
  • MySQL | REGEXP_REPLACE method
    MySQL's REGEXP_REPLACE(~) method returns the input string (expr) with all occurrences that match the regular expression (pat) replaced by the new substring (repl).

• String

  • MySQL | ASCII method
    MySQL's ASCII(~) method returns the ASCII numeric value of the leftmost character in the provided input string.
  • MySQL | BIN method
    MySQL's BIN(~) method returns a string representation of the binary (base 2 format) of the input number.
  • MySQL | BIT_LENGTH method
    MySQL's BIT_LENGTH(~) method returns the length of a string in bits.
  • MySQL | CHAR method
    MySQL's CHAR(~) method returns a binary string representation of the provided integer code values.
  • MySQL | CHARACTER_LENGTH method
    MySQL's CHARACTER_LENGTH(~) method returns the length of the input string measured in characters. It is synonymous with method CHAR_LENGTH.
  • MySQL | CHAR_LENGTH method
    MySQL's CHAR_LENGTH(~) method returns the length of the input string measured in characters. It is synonymous with  method CHARACTER_LENGTH.
  • MySQL | CONCAT method
    MySQL's CONCAT(~) method returns a concatenated string from the string inputs.
  • MySQL | CONCAT_WS method
    MySQL's CONCAT_WS(~) method concatenates input strings using the specified separator.
  • MySQL | ELT method
    MySQL's ELT(~) method returns the Nth element from the list of provided strings.
  • MySQL | EXPORT_SET method
    MySQL's EXPORT_SET(~) method returns a string such that for every set bit (bit value 1), we append the specified on string and for every unset bit (bit value 0), we append the specified off string.
  • MySQL | FIELD method
    MySQL's FIELD(~) method returns the position of a string in a list of strings.
  • MySQL | FIND_IN_SET method
    MySQL's FIND_IN_SET(~) method returns the position of the first occurrence of a string in a string list.
  • MySQL | FORMAT method
    MySQL's FORMAT(~) method returns a number formatted with thousands separator and rounded to the specified number of decimal places (D).
  • MySQL | FROM_BASE64 method
    MySQL's FROM_BASE64(~) method decodes a base64 encoded string and returns the resulting binary string.
  • MySQL | HEX method
    MySQL's HEX(~) method returns a hexadecimal representation of the input argument.
  • MySQL | INSERT method
    MySQL's INSERT(~) method inserts and replaces the specified number of characters (len) from a substring (newstr) at the specified position (pos) in the destination string (str).
  • MySQL | INSTR method
    MySQL's INSTR(~) method returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in the input string.
  • MySQL | LCASE method
    MySQL's LCASE(~) method converts the string input to lowercase and returns it.
  • MySQL | LEFT method
    MySQL's LEFT(~) method returns a substring with the specified number of characters (len) from the left of the input string.
  • MySQL | LENGTH method
    MySQL's LENGTH(~) method returns the length of a string in bytes.
  • MySQL | LOAD_FILE method
    MySQL's LOAD_FILE(~) method reads the specified file and returns its contents as a string.
  • MySQL | LOCATE method
    MySQL's LOCATE(~) method returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring (substr) in the input string (str) starting from the specified position (pos).
  • MySQL | LOWER method
    MySQL's LOWER(~) method converts the string input to lowercase and returns it.
  • MySQL | LPAD method
    MySQL's LPAD(~) method returns the string argument, left-padded with the pad string up to a certain length.
  • MySQL | LTRIM method
    MySQL's LTRIM(~) method returns the input string with leading space characters removed.
  • MySQL | MAKE_SET method
    MySQL's MAKE_SET(~) method returns a set of comma-separated substrings that have the corresponding bit in the provided bit value(s).
  • MySQL | MID method
    MySQL's MID(~) method returns a substring from the input string (str) starting at the specified position (pos) with character length (len).
  • MySQL | OCT method
    MySQL's OCT(~) method returns a string representation of the octal value (base 8) of the input number.
  • MySQL | OCTET_LENGTH method
    MySQL's OCTET_LENGTH(~) method returns the length of a string in bytes.
  • MySQL | ORD method
    MySQL's ORD(~) method returns the character code (numeric value) for the leftmost character of the argument.
  • MySQL | POSITION method
    MySQL's POSITION(~) method returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in the source string.
  • MySQL | QUOTE method
    MySQL's QUOTE(~) method returns a string enclosed in single quotation marks that is properly escaped. Each instance of backslash (\), single quote ('), ASCII NUL, and Control Z is preceded by a backslash.
  • MySQL | REPEAT method
    MySQL's REPEAT(~) method returns the input string repeated count times.
  • MySQL | REPLACE method
    MySQL's REPLACE(~) method returns the input string (str) with all occurrences of the specified substring (from_str) replaced by the new substring (to_str).
  • MySQL | REVERSE method
    MySQL's REVERSE(~) method returns the input string with the order of the characters reversed.
  • MySQL | RIGHT method
    MySQL's RIGHT(~) method returns a substring with the specified number of characters (len) from the right of the input string.
  • MySQL | RPAD method
    MySQL's RPAD(~) method returns the string argument, right-padded with the pad string up to a certain length.
  • MySQL | RTRIM method
    MySQL's RTRIM(~) method returns the input string with trailing space characters removed.
  • MySQL | SOUNDEX method
    MySQL's SOUNDEX(~) method returns a soundex string from the input string.
  • MySQL | SPACE method
    MySQL's SPACE(~) method returns a string of the specified number of space characters.
  • MySQL | STRCMP method
    MySQL's STRCMP(~) method compares two strings and returns one of 0, -1, 1 depending on the result of the comparison.
  • MySQL | SUBSTR method
    MySQL's SUBSTR(~) method returns a substring from the input string starting at the specified position.
  • MySQL | SUBSTRING method
    MySQL's SUBSTRING(~) method returns a substring from the input string starting at the specified position.
  • MySQL | SUBSTRING_INDEX method
    MySQL's SUBSTRING_INDEX(~) method returns the substring before the specified number of occurrences of a particular delimiter (delim) in the input source string (str).
  • MySQL | TO_BASE64 method
    MySQL's TO_BASE64(~) method converts the input string to base64 and returns it as a character string.
  • MySQL | TRIM method
    MySQL's TRIM(~) method returns the input string with the specified leading and/or trailing string removed.
  • MySQL | UCASE method
    MySQL's UCASE(~) method converts the input string to uppercase and returns it.
  • MySQL | UNHEX method
    MySQL's UNHEX(~) method returns a binary string from the hexadecimal string representation. For strings, UNHEX(~) is the inverse of the HEX(~) method.
  • MySQL | UPPER method
    MySQL's UPPER(~) method converts the input string to uppercase and returns it.
  • MySQL | WEIGHT_STRING method
    MySQL's WEIGHT_STRING(~) method returns a binary string representing the weight string for the given input.

Operators

• MySQL | AND
  MySQL's AND operator can be used in conjunction with a WHERE clause to return values that satisfy all the conditions separated by AND in the WHERE clause.
• MySQL | BETWEEN
  MySQL's BETWEEN operator returns values within a given range. It is inclusive of the start and end values, and it can be used with numbers, strings and dates.
• MySQL | BINARY
  MySQL's BINARY operator converts an expression to a binary string.
• MySQL | CASE
  MySQL's CASE operator allows us to add multiple conditions to our query and return a value for the first condition met.
• MySQL | DIV
  MySQL's DIV operator performs integer division, discarding any fractional part of the division result.
• MySQL | IN
  MySQL's IN operator allows you to combine multiple OR conditions elegantly. If a value is equal to any of the values provided in the IN list it returns 1 (true), otherwise it returns 0 (false).
• MySQL | IS
  MySQL's IS operator performs a test against a boolean value and returns 1 if the test evaluates to true, 0 otherwise.
• MySQL | IS NOT
  MySQL's IS NOT operator performs a test against a boolean value and returns 0 if the test evaluates to true, otherwise it returns 1.
• MySQL | IS NOT NULL
  MySQL's IS NOT NULL operator tests whether a value is not NULL. It returns 1 if the value is not NULL and 0 if the value is NULL.
• MySQL | IS NULL
  MySQL's IS NULL operator tests whether a value is NULL. It returns 0 if the value is not NULL and 1 if the value is NULL.
• MySQL | LIKE
  MySQL's LIKE operator can be used to search for values with a particular string pattern. There are two wildcards that we can use with the LIKE operator: % (percent) and _ (underscore).
• MySQL | NOT
  MySQL's NOT operator can be used in conjunction with a WHERE clause to return values that do not satisfy a particular condition in the WHERE clause.
• MySQL | NOT BETWEEN
  MySQL's NOT BETWEEN operator returns values that are not within a given range. The start and end values are considered part of the range, hence are not included in the result of NOT BETWEEN.
• MySQL | NOT IN
  MySQL's NOT IN operator returns 1 (true) if the value is not equal to any of the values provided in the NOT IN list, otherwise it returns 0 (false).
• MySQL | NOT LIKE
  MySQL's NOT LIKE operator can be used to search for values that do not match a particular string pattern. There are two wildcards that we can use with the NOT LIKE operator: % (percent) and _ (underscore).
• MySQL | NOT REGEXP
  MySQL's NOT REGEXP operator returns 1 if the expression string does not match the regular expression pattern. If there is a match 0 is returned.
• MySQL | OR
  MySQL's OR operator can be used in conjunction with a WHERE clause to return values that satisfy at least one of the conditions separated by OR in the WHERE clause.
• MySQL | REGEX
  MySQL's REGEXP operator returns 1 if the expression string matches the regular expression pattern. If there is no match 0 is returned.
• MySQL | RLIKE
  MySQL's RLIKE operator returns 1 if a string (expr) matches the regular expression pattern (pat). If there is no match 0 is returned.
• MySQL | SOUNDS LIKE
  MySQL's SOUNDS LIKE operator returns 1 if two string expressions sound alike or 0 if they do not.
• MySQL | XOR
  MySQL's XOR operator returns 1 if an odd number of operands is nonzero or 0 if an even number of operands is nonzero. If either operand is NULL we return NULL.

Statements and Clauses

• MySQL | AS
  MySQL's AS keyword is used to rename or provide an alias for a column or table.
• MySQL | DELETE
  MySQL's DELETE statement is used to delete existing records in a table.
• MySQL | GROUP BY
  MySQL's GROUP BY clause allows you to group identical entries in a column into groups. GROUP BY will return one record for each group.
• MySQL | HAVING
  MySQL's HAVING clause is used to specify a condition involving aggregate functions. It is used in GROUP BY queries, and specifies a condition upon the grouped results.
• MySQL | INNER JOIN
  The INNER JOIN clause retrieves rows from both tables where there is a common matching column value.
• MySQL | INSERT INTO
  MySQL's INSERT INTO statement allows you to add new rows to a table.
• My SQL | LEFT JOIN
  MySQL's LEFT JOIN clause returns all rows from the left table and records that match from the right table. NULL will be used for records that have no matching record in the right table. LEFT JOIN is also referred to as LEFT OUTER JOIN.
• MySQL | LIMIT
  MySQL's LIMIT clause limits the number of returned results.
• MySQL | ORDER BY
  MySQL's ORDER BY clause sorts the retrieved records and returns them in ascending order by default. We can specify to sort in descending order if needed.
• MySQL | RIGHT JOIN
  MySQL's RIGHT JOIN clause returns all rows from the right table and matching records from the left table. NULL will be used for records that have no matching record in the left table. RIGHT JOIN is also referred to as RIGHT OUTER JOIN.
• MySQL | SELECT
  MySQL's SELECT statement allows us to retrieve records from a database.
• MySQL | SELECT DISTINCT
  The SELECT DISTINCT statement returns values that are distinct.
• MySQL | TRUNCATE
  MySQL's TRUNCATE statement drops a table and all its records and then recreates it as an empty table. It is similar to a DELETE statement that deletes all rows of a table (i.e. DELETE statement without a WHERE clause).
• MySQL | UNION
  MySQL's UNION clause combines the results from multiple SELECT statements into a single result set.
• MySQL | UPDATE
  The UPDATE statement is used to modify existing records in a table.
• MySQL | WHERE
  The WHERE clause allows us to add conditions to our query. Only records that meet our condition will be retrieved.

• Cookbooks

  • Difference between HAVING and WHERE in MySQL
    HAVING specifies what condition should be applied after the aggregation takes place, while WHERE specifies what records are eligible for grouping or aggregation in the first place. If a record does not meet the WHERE condition, it will not even be considered for GROUP BY and HAVING.
  • Difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN and RIGHT JOIN in MySQL
    MySQL's INNER JOIN clause retrieves rows from both tables where there is a common matching column value. The LEFT JOIN clause returns all rows from the left table and records that match from the right table. NULL will be used for records that have no matching record in the right table. The RIGHT JOIN clause returns all rows from the right table and matching records from the left table. NULL will be used for records that have no matching record in the left table.
  • Order By 1 in MySQL
    The ORDER BY 1 clause in MySQL translates in plain English to order by the first column selected in the SELECT statement. This syntax is not considered good practice as a change in the order of columns could lead to unintentionally ordering by the wrong column.
  • Retrieving a fixed number of rows from a table in MySQL
    We can use a LIMIT clause to only retrieve a fixed number of rows from a table in MySQL.
  • Retrieving all the data from a table in MySQL
    This can be done using the SELECT statement combined with wildcard (*).
  • Retrieving columns in a specific order in MySQL
    This can be done using the SELECT statement followed by the list of columns you want in the order you want.
  • Retrieving distinct records in MySQL
    It is possible to retrieve distinct records from a table using the SELECT DISTINCT statement.
  • Sorting records in alphabetical order in MySQL
    We can retrieve records from a table in alphabetical order in MySQL using the ORDER BY clause.